Orientation Training Part 1-Understanding Orientation Map

1. Definition:

Orientation map is a flat topographical figure that shows the topography, the plane position and elevation of the ground feature according to a certain scale. It is the most important tool for orienteering. The quality of the map directly affects the athlete's performance and the fairness of the game.

The so-called geomorphology: the various forms of ups and downs on the earth's surface. Such as mountains, valleys, flat land, etc.

The so-called ground objects: fixed objects that are naturally formed and artificially built on the ground surface, such as rivers, lakes, residential areas, roads, water conservancy projects, etc. 　　

The so-called topography: the collective name of landforms and features.

2. Constituent elements:

The basic elements of the directional map are the magnetic north line, scale, map symbols, competition route and checkpoint description table.

1. Magnetic North Line:

On the directional map, the magnetic north line is a number of parallel straight lines, which are mostly indicated in blue or black, and should be used in conjunction with the magnetic north direction indicator. The magnetic north line is an indispensable part of the directional movement map. Its main function is to determine the position of the map, which is convenient for the compass to quickly calibrate the map, measure the magnetic azimuth and estimate the distance.

2. Scale:

The ratio of the length of a line segment on the map to the corresponding horizontal distance on the ground.

Scale: 1:15000 represents 1cm on the map = 150m on the ground

3. Map symbols:

In the directional map, the symbols of the map are dotted symbols, linear symbols, area symbols, and text symbols.

The color of the symbol-seven-color symbol system:

•Brown: contours, landforms, paving ground

•Black: man-made features, obstacles to traffic

•Gray: Rocks that can be run (outcrops), possible buildings and structures, and areas that can pass through in buildings and structures

•Yellow: vegetation

• Green: vegetation-white: white forest/easy running forest; yellow-green: restricted area (private area, environmental protection area)

• Blue: body of water

•Purple: technical symbols (match route, temporary restricted area set by the competition, security area, etc.)

4. Competition route:

A complete race route includes a starting point (represented by a triangle), a number of check points (represented by a single circle), and an end point (represented by a double circle). The freely chosen route between points is represented by a solid line, and the route that must be passed is represented by a solid line. The dotted line indicates.

5. Check point description table:

The checkpoint description table is a set of world-unified symbol system, which contains the race name, group, route distance, climb amount, starting point, checkpoint sequence, code number, checkpoint feature end point, etc. It can be printed It can also be printed separately on the map. In order to facilitate the learning and use of domestic beginners, it is also expressed in words. On the map, it is indicated in purple like the route.